摘 要

电子商务很有可能成为非洲各国经济活动的重要组成部分。伴随着基础设施和技术的突破性发展，数字文化和前所未有的新需求也在发生。

本研究的目的是分析刚果（D.R.C）发展电子商务面临的挑战以及在考虑到实施电子商务功能的所有制约因素之后如何在DRC中健康发展电子商务。由于互联网访问只存在于城市地区，因此本研究将只关注位于这些地区的公司。

刚果民主共和国虽然具有巨大的潜力，但仍是一个有风险的投资地点。主要障碍包括普遍贫困，政治动荡，安全问题，广阔的土地面积和不足的基础设施。如果不是因为有诸多障碍，刚果民主共和国（DRC）将会成为极具吸引力的投资地点。它是非洲第二大国家，并且人口数量在非洲国家中位列第三。最重要的是，刚果民主共和国被认为是大陆上蕴含矿产品最多的国家之一。社会和经济条件都非常具有挑战性，刚果民主共和国是被公认的世界上做生意最困难的地方之一。除了这些因素，交通基础设施是经济增长的一个主要障碍。

因此，这项研究以多种方式收集信息，如文献、互联网、调查问卷等等,分析了D.R.C电子商务环境中的情况障碍，如金融、基础设施、社会政治和数字鸿沟，应的解决方案。

关键词：电子商务，非洲，D.R.C.，福利，限制

Abstract

E-commerce has great potential to become a significant part of the economic activity of countries throughout Africa. Increasing digital literacy and unprecedented new demand are occurring at the same time as breakthrough developments in infrastructure and technology. The purpose of this study was to analyze the challenges of e-commerce in Congo (D.R.C) and how e-commerce can be implemented in DRC taking into account all constraints of e-commerce capabilities.

Because the internet access in only present in urban areas, the research will focus only on companies located in such areas.

The Democratic Republic of Congo has immense potential but remains a risky investment location. Main hurdles include pervasive poverty, political turmoil, security issues, vast land area and inadequate infrastructure. If it were not for the numerous obstacles, the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC) would be a highly attractive investment location. It is the second-largest country and has the third-largest population in Africa. Most significantly, the DRC is considered to have among the largest endowments of minerals on the continent. Social and economic conditions are very challenging and the DRC is recognized as one of the most difficult places in which to do business in the world. In addition to these factors, transport infrastructure is a major impediment to economic growth.

The aim of this research is therefore to investigate the situations barriers in e-commerce situations in D.R.C, mainly on exploring on financial, infrastructures, social-political and digital divide. From the challenges the study gives a recommendation. A qualitative method was used for data collection, data randomly and the collected data from different sources. The information is collected in multiple ways such as literatures, internet, questionnaire and others. Based on the collected data the study suggested solutions to the current problems of e-commerce in D.R.C.

Key Words：E-commerce, Africa, D.R.C., Benefits, Limitations

Table of Contents

ABSTRACT……………………………………………………………………………………IV

LIST OF TABLES……………………………………………………………………………..VII

LIST OF FIGURES ………………………………………………………………………….VII

LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS…………………………………………………………………VIII

Chapter 1 INTRODUCTION ………………………………………………………………….1

1.1 Research Background.............................................................................................................1

1.2 Research Problems...............................................................................................................1

1.3 Research Objectives………………………………………………………………………2

1.4 Research Significance ……………………………………………………………………2

1. 5 Research Methodology ………………………………………………………………….2

Chapter 2 LITERATURE REVIEW…………………………………………………………….4

2.1 About the concept of E-commerce……………………………………………………….4

2.1.1 The infancy of e-commerce: before 1995………………………………………………..4

2.1.2 A Timeline for the development of E-commerce and web………………………………..6

2.2 About the development of E commerce in Africa……………………………………….6

2.3About the obstacles of E-commerce in Africa……………………………………………8

2.3.1 Challenges to international e-commerce in Africa……………………………………….8

2.3.2 Connectivity………………………………………………………………………………10

2.3.3 Regional cross-border initiatives…………………………………………………………10

2.3.4 Compliance with finance regulations ……………………………………………………12

2.4 About the countermeasures………………………………………………………………14

2.5 Conclusion……………………………………………………………………………….14

Chapter 3 BASIC KNOWLEDGE OF E-COMMERCE………………………………………16

3.1 Definition…………………………………………………………………………………16

3.2 Comparison between Traditional Commerce and E-commerce………………………….16

3.3 Advantages and disadvantages……………………………………………………………17

3.4 Conclusion………………………………………………………………………………..19

Chapter 4 SWOT Analyze of E-commerce in D.R.C. …………………………………………20

4.1 Overall development situation ... ……………………………………………………….20

4.2 Strengths………………………………………………………………………………….21

4.3 Weakness…………………………………………………………………………………23

4.4 Opportunities……………………………………………………………………………..28

4.5 Threats……………………………………………………………………………………30

4.6 Conclusion……………………………………………………………………………….30

Chapter 5 GENERAL CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS………………………31

5.1 Conclusion……………………………………………………………………………….31

5.2 recommendations…………………………………………………………………………31

References……………………………………………………………………………………….34

Acknowledgement………………………………………………………………………………..36

LIST OF TABLES

Table 2.1: Regional average values in the UNCTAD B2C E-commerce Index (%)

Table 2.2: B2C e-commerce sales, by region

Table 2.3: B2C e-commerce buyer penetration, by region

Table 3.1: Differences between traditional and e-commerce

LIST OF FIGURES

Figure 4.1: Percentage who received a transfer in each province

Figure 4.2: D.R.C infrastructures

LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS

The following abbreviations are used:

D.R.C Democratic Republic of Congo

E-Commerce Electronic Commerce

M-Commerce Mobil commerce

B2B Business to business

B2C Business to consumer

C2C Consumer to consumer

SME Small and medium sized enterprise

UNCTAD United Nations conferences trade and development